Glass and Ceramics

Main Components

Glass = silica @ silicon dioxide = obtained from sand

Ceramics = silicate = obtained from clay heated at high temp.

Comparison

Similarities

brittle

hard

electrical insulator

chemically inert

Difference

Glass	Ceramics
Transparent Recyclable	Not transparent Not recyclable

Uses of Glass

Uses of Ceramic

Chemical Composition, Properties, Uses of Glass

Type Of Glasses
Fused Glass	Soda Glass	Borosilicate Glass	Lead Glass
Composition
∆ Silica @ Silicon dioxide	∆ Sodium silicate & Calcium silicate	∆ Silica & Boron oxide	∆ Silica, Lead(||) oxide & Sodium oxide
Properties
• Very high melting point. • Not easy to change its shape. • Does not easily expand or shrink with changes of temperature. • Transparent to ultraviolet ray.	• Transparent. • Low melting point. • Easily broken • Cannot withstand heat and chemical reactions.	• Withstands heat and chemical reactions. • High melting point • Transparent to light and infrared ray but not to ultraviolet ray. • Expands and shrinks very little and only when temperature changes.	• Very transparent. • Shiny. • High reflective index. • High density.
Uses
∞ Lenses ∞ Spectacles ∞ Laboratory glassware ∞ Ultraviolet column	∞ Bottles ∞ Glass container ∞ Mirrors ∞ Electrical bulbs ∞ Glass Windows	∞ Bowls ∞ Plates ∞ Saucers ∞ Pots ∞ Cookware	∞ Lenses ∞ Prisms ∞ Glasses ∞ Ornamental items ∞ Crystals

References

-Longman Essential Chemistry SPM